D

In order to know how to spell a D chord, you need to use a Dm chord as your starting point. Again you will use Dm as your started point for any chord with the root of D, D, or D. That is because Dm contains no sharps or flats. Therefore you use the Dm as a baseline template that you will alter to get all other D related chords.

Dm = D(1), F(3), A(5)

Because the D chord has a different root than our Dm starting chord, there is an extra step that you have to go through. You will start by lowering every note in the Dm chord by a half step so that the root of your starting chord is D. You now have a Dm chord that you are going to alter to get your D major chord. This intermediate step is going to be important. In order to alter our base chord to fit what we need, the roots must be the same.

Dm = D(1), F*(3), A(5)

*Note to those or you that are confused by the use of an F instead of using an E. Even though F sounds the same as E, and in a lot of situations we would just call this note by it's more simple name...this is not the case here. F is 3 of a Dm chord. Even though E and F do sound the same, it makes a difference when spelling chords. E would be some sort of 2, and therefore is not part of our minor chord formula.

Knowing that a minor chord consists of 1 3 5, and major is 1 3 5, you are going to raise the F(3) in the Dminor chord to an F(3) which will be 3 in the D major chord.

D = D(1), F(3), A(5)

Gaug

In order to know how to spell a Gaug chord, you need to use the G major chord as your starting point.

G = G(1), B(3), D(5)

First sharp everything in the G major chord to spell a G major chord. You have to do this first so that you are dealing with a base chord that has the same root as the one you are trying to spell.

G = G(1), B(3), D(5)

The formula for major is 1 3 5. The formula for augmented is 1 3 5. So therefore we have to raise the D(5) in the G major chord up a half step. That will not be an E note...it will be a D. The is the symbol for a double sharp. A double sharp is were you are raising a natural note up 2 half steps. Sometimes that is just how the spelling of a chord will work out. There may be a double sharp or even a double flat which is just written as 2 flats side by side ()

Gaug = G(1), B(3), D(5)